Stage art is an important part of drama and other stage performances, including scenery, lighting, makeup, costumes, effects, props, etc. Their combined design is called stage design. Its task is to use a variety of plastic arts means to create the external image of the play environment and characters and render the stage atmosphere according to the content of the play and the performance requirements in a unified artistic conception.

Traditional opera

An important artistic feature of traditional opera stage is its "virtuality". It is a key problem of stage art design to manage the relationship between virtuality and reality well. The design of the stage is the scenery, the use of real scenery for the virtual drama service, all the scenery and space on the stage have a hypothetical, a landscape or landscape block can be walls, doors, mountains, etc., which are simple and real construction, and the part above the stage is the real treasure bag, is the birthplace of the audience's infinite reverie. It can be said that stage design is to manage the space above the stage through the actual planning of the scenery, and the main task of design is to cloth "empty" rather than cloth "real".

Opera stage art has always been about the "four unity", one is the unity of similarity, the second is the unity of spirit and form, the third is the unity of life and art reality, the fourth is the unity of limited space and infinite space. In terms of space processing, "virtual art techniques" are used to fully mobilize the imagination of the audience, thus enriching the stage environment. At this time, the stage art not only talks about the reality of life, but also focuses on artistic processing and refining, and talks about artistic exaggeration.

Art show

With the increase of the forms of performing arts, with the preference of TV culture and the public aesthetic, the stage design has gradually entered more Spaces such as studios, squares and gymnasiums from theaters. The stage design of these large-scale art shows is also known as the variety stage art design, in fact, it is also the product of economic development and the development of performing arts. Grand scenes, luxurious installations, flashing bright lights, bizarre costumes, etc., make the stage designers gradually realize the importance of "artistic packaging". At the same time, with the development of science and technology, LED display screens, video technology and the improvement of lighting and control technology, as well as the use of cold fireworks, water modeling, etc., the important stage vocabulary is no longer just the actors and scenery itself like drama, and the use of new materials has greatly enriched the expression of stage art.

innovate

This is a topic that stage artists often talk about today. Any artistic innovation has a problem of "degree" and whether it can be accepted by the audience. The innovation of the traditional stage with a hard shell must control the relationship between "degree" and the appreciation taste and appreciation habit of the viewer. The positioning of innovation should be based on its own artistic characteristics, looking for creative means that are not similar to other arts, and expressive, so that their own stage design features are distinct and stronger. The design style is different, the technique is different, but the common principle is to try to create as much free space as possible.

peculiarity

① It is the art of second creation. It must be re-created on the basis of the literary creation of the script and the director's general idea, and express the connotation of the play with its unique image language. The creation of stage art originates from life, but it must be based on the characters, events and prescribed scenes in the play, and must be coordinated with the creative intention of the director. In the performance, it plays the role of enriching, supplementing and strengthening the portrayal of characters and deepening the theme.

② It belongs to the performing arts. The center of stage art is the performing art, the scene can not be separated from the performance of self-show, and the modern stage art is integrated and strengthened the performance of the actors, so as to make the character image more vivid.

It is both space art and time art. All of them have spatial characteristics in the modeling of characters and scenery. First of all, the character modeling is attached to the three-dimensional actor, while the scene modeling provides the necessary space environment for the actor's performance, and the scene platform and props need to occupy space. In the whole process of the performance, time is constantly flowing and changing, and the character shape also changes with the character's action. Characters and scenes must show the passage of time as the story develops.

④ It is comprehensive. Stage art itself is a complex of many modeling factors such as scenery, lighting, makeup, clothing, etc., which have division of labor and mutual correlation, forming an inseparable artistic whole. Generally speaking, the scenery and lighting shoulder the role of the performance of the dramatic environment, and the costume and makeup shoulder the role of the performance of the characters. Lighting directly renders the characters, sets indirectly represent the characters, and characterization sometimes indirectly represents the environment. Therefore, although the modern stage art can distinguish scenery, lighting, costumes, makeup, etc., all the tasks of shaping the dramatic environment and characters are jointly undertaken by the stage art complex. It is an organic artistic whole.

⑤ Strong technical. The stage image can only be reflected by a variety of advanced technical means, so its development has always been closely related to science and technology. In ancient Greek tragedy, the god descended, only the actor playing the god was suspended from the balcony of the second floor of the dressing room by a basket. In Renaissance Italy, there were stage machines that could be used to fly clouds and gods. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, a variety of mixed machinery such as turntable, lifting platform and pushing platform was added. In the 16th century European theatres were lit by candles and oil lamps. At the beginning of the 19th century, after the appearance of coal gas lamps, gas lamps were changed until the invention of electric light sources, and stage lighting technology had a mutation. In recent years, the development of microcomputer control system and laser technology has opened up a new field of stage lighting. The emergence of stereo, slide, film projection equipment and new materials has enriched the stage technical means of dramatic performances.